منابع مشابه
And Melvin
The crystal structure of the periplasmic domain of the aspartate receptor from Escherichia coli has been solved and refined to an R factor of 0.203 at 2.3/~, resolution. The dimeric protein is largely helical, with four helices from each monomer forming a four-helix bundle. The dimer interface is constructed from four helices, two from each subunit, also packed together in a fourhelix bundle ar...
متن کاملCopeland voting: ties matter
We study the complexity of manipulation for a family of election systems derived from Copeland voting via introducing a parameter α that describes how ties in head-to-head contests are valued. We show that the thus obtained problem of manipulation for unweighted Copeland elections is NP-complete even if the size of the manipulating coalition is limited to two. Our result holds for all rational ...
متن کاملProbabilistic Copeland Tournaments
INTRODUCTION We consider a probabilistic model of round-robin tournaments, or equivalently, Copeland voting, where candidates are the voters. We assume that the outcomes of each game or pairwise vote are jointly independent. In particular, we do not assume that votes arise from voters’ ranked orderings of candidates. We can treat such games as pairwise preferences, without assuming any form of ...
متن کاملCopeland Dueling Bandits
A version of the dueling bandit problem is addressed in which a Condorcet winner may not exist. Two algorithms are proposed that instead seek to minimize regret with respect to the Copeland winner, which, unlike the Condorcet winner, is guaranteed to exist. The first, Copeland Confidence Bound (CCB), is designed for small numbers of arms, while the second, Scalable Copeland Bandits (SCB), works...
متن کاملOrbifolds as Melvin Geometry
In this paper we explicitly show that the various noncompact abelian orbifolds are realized as special limits of parameters in type II (NSNS) Melvin background and its higher dimensional generalizations. As a result the supersymmetric ALE spaces (A-type C2/ZN ) and nonsupersymmetric orbifolds in type II and type 0 theory are all connected with each other by the exactly marginal deformation. Our...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Political Economy
سال: 1918
ISSN: 0022-3808,1537-534X
DOI: 10.1086/253145